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Historical Overviw
Lipnica.pl > History > Historical Overviw

Lipnica Commune lies in Bytow county, in the south-west part of Pomeranian Voivodeship, bordering the communes of Bytow, Studzienice, Brusy, Chojnice, Konarzyny, Przechlewo, Miastko and Tuchomie. The commune is located approx. 20 km from the county town of Bytow, approx. 40 km from Chojnice, 75 km from the sea, approx. 120 km from the voivodeship city of Gdansk (Pomerania), 140 km from Bydgoszcz (Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship) and approximately 390 km from Warsaw. The commune consists of 15 rural administrative units: Borowy Młyn, Borzyszkowy, Brzeźno Szlacheckie, Brzozowo, Gliśno Wielkie, Kiedrowice, Lipnica, Luboń, Łąkie, Mielno, Ostrowite, Osusznica, Prądzona, Wojsk, Zapceń. The area of Lipnica commune lies within the territory of the Kashubian ethnic group of Gochs. The Kashubian language and culture have been preserved to this day. Initially, the territory of Gochs was covered with mixed (deciduous and coniferous) forest that was reflected in the names of the villages: Lipnica (from linden), Brzeźno and Brzozowo (from silver birch), Łąkie (from meadows), Borowy (from forest). The lands of relatively low attractiveness for agriculture were the decisive factor in the specific type of settlements. Gochs were lands of impoverished gentry tracking roots back to the times of the Teutonic knights.

The characteristic of the commune is a large number of lakes. The total area of the lakes is approximately 1410 hectares. Next to the lakes there are beautiful moraine hills and sandy sandur. The territory of the commune is characterised by large areas of dense forest. The local woods create very good conditions for recreation and hunting. Abundance of fruits of the forest attracts the amateurs of forest fruit picking. The omnipresent silence and calm as well as the clean air guarantee great relaxation both in physical and in psychological sense. These are the favourable characteristics for rest, tourism and the development of the local business.

The rich history of Lipnica Commune is closely connected with the defence of Polish tradition by the Kashubian folk. It is a historical fact worth mentioning that together with the armies of the Polish king, John III Sobieski, the Kashubian peasants from around Brzeźno Szlacheckie participated under Teodor Andrzej Grabowski in the Battle of Vienna in 1683, against the army of the Ottoman Empire. After signing the Peace of Thorn of 1466 between Poland and the Teutonic Knights, the area of today’s Lipnica Commune was incorporated into the Człuchow land, between 1772 – 1920 it was under Prussian occupation. It is an important historical fact that when Poland was being reborn after one-century-and-a-half of bondage, there was a fight of Kashubians for the Polish border and for being incorporated into the territory of Poland. It was near Borowy Młyn, on the lake of Gwiazda Duża that in 1920 the Kashubians pushed the border of Poland towards the West. The World War II was a grim period in the history of Gochs. As early as in September 1939 the part of the Intelligentsia paid the highest price and during the withdrawal of the Hitler’s army serious material damage took place. This was the place of the second largest armoured battle in the territory of Poland. The Nazis were ultimately driven out on March 3, 1945 and the bodies of the fallen soldiers were buried in the post-war cemetery in Upiłka.

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